نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه علوم اقتصادی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه علوم اقتصادی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران.
3 استادیار، گروه علوم اقتصادی، واحد خمینی شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خمینی شهر، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
One of the fundamental challenges facing human societies is achieving a path of sustainable growth and development that ensures continuity for future generations. Achieving sustainable development requires the simultaneous realization of economic growth, efficient energy resource management, and environmental protection. In this context, the export structure of countries particularly the degree of export product diversification can play a crucial role. Accordingly, this study examines the impact of export diversification, using two indices Theil and Shannon–Wiener on three key components of sustainable development: gross domestic product (GDP), energy consumption, and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in developing oil-exporting and non-oil-exporting countries during the period 2008–2022. To analyze the dynamic relationships among the variables, the study employs the system GMM estimator within a simultaneous equations framework using panel data. The findings reveal that greater export diversification in non-oil developing countries is associated with higher economic growth and improved energy efficiency, while in oil-exporting countries, although diversification promotes economic growth, its environmental and energy impacts depend on the composition and nature of exports. These results provide valuable insights for designing trade and environmental policies in developing countries.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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